{"id":1040,"date":"2024-05-20T03:47:38","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T03:47:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.lcsc.com\/blog\/?p=1040"},"modified":"2025-08-05T08:24:46","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T08:24:46","slug":"precautions-for-surface-mount-aluminum-electrolytic-capacitor-circuit-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.lcsc.com\/blog\/precautions-for-surface-mount-aluminum-electrolytic-capacitor-circuit-design\/","title":{"rendered":"Precautions for Surface Mount Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Circuit Design"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When designing circuits, it is essential to confirm the use and installation environments and then design within the rated performance range according to the capacitor catalog or product specification. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lcsc.com\/brand-detail\/851.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ROQANG<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a supplier of LCSC shared us precautions when designing circuits using surface mount aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Here are the detailed points to consider:<\/span><br \/>\n<b><\/b><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1041 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.lcsc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ROQANG-1-1024x373.jpg\" alt=\"ROQANG Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor\" width=\"1024\" height=\"373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.lcsc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ROQANG-1-1024x373.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.lcsc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ROQANG-1-300x109.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.lcsc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ROQANG-1-768x280.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.lcsc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ROQANG-1-1536x559.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.lcsc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ROQANG-1.jpg 1914w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><b>1. <\/b><strong>Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor <\/strong><b>Use and Installation Environments:<\/b><\/h2>\n<h5><b>Temperature and Frequency<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Changes in temperature and frequency can affect the electrical characteristics of aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Consider these changes in your <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aluminum electrolytic capacitors <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">circuit design.<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At high temperatures, leakage current increases.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At low temperatures, the static capacitance decreases, and both the dissipation factor (tan\u03b4) and impedance increase.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At high frequencies, the static capacitance decreases, and both the dissipation factor (tan\u03b4) and impedance increase.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At low frequencies, the equivalent series resistance increases, leading to increased ripple current and potential overheating.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>2. Temperature and Life Expectancy Calculations:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The life of a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aluminum electrolytic\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">capacitor is influenced by the operating temperature. Generally, for every 10\u00b0C decrease in temperature, the life expectancy approximately doubles. Use the aluminum electrolytic\u00a0 capacitor at a temperature as low as possible compared to the maximum guaranteed temperature.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Operating outside the guaranteed temperature range can lead to rapid performance degradation or even damage. The use temperature refers not only to the ambient and internal temperatures of the equipment but also to the temperature of the aluminum electrolytic\u00a0capacitor influenced by heat radiation from heat-generating components (power semiconductors, resistors, etc.) and self-heating due to ripple current. Avoid installing heat-generating components directly behind the aluminum electrolytic\u00a0capacitor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The accelerated life formula is calculated as follows: L2 = L1* 2^(T1-T2)\/10<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>L1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Life at temperature <\/span><b>T1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (in hours)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>L2<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Life at temperature <\/span><b>T2<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (in hours)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>T1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The upper classification temperature (in \u00b0C)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>T2<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The environmental temperature for life calculation plus the heat generated by the ripple current (in \u00b0C)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do not exceed the specified product life. Otherwise, rapid aging, short circuits, or pressure relief valve operation, electrolyte leakage, and other damages may occur. Based on the environmental resistance of the sealing rubber, the expected product life should not exceed 15 years.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h2><strong>3. Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Load Conditions:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Applying the following loads to a aluminum electrolytic\u00a0capacitor can lead to rapid performance degradation, short circuits, rapid heating, gas generation causing an increase in internal pressure, pressure relief valve operation, and even explosion or fire. Capacitor damage may also cause the ejection of internal flammable materials (electrolyte and component fixing materials, etc.).<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>Polarity: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized. Do not apply reverse or AC voltage. Ensure the correct orientation of the capacitor when installing it to avoid circuit short circuits or pressure relief valve damage. Confirm the polarity marking before use. In circuits with unstable or unclear polarity, consider using non-polar capacitors, but even these should not be used in AC circuits.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Applied Voltage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Do not apply overvoltage (voltage exceeding the rated voltage). When the peak value of the ripple voltage (AC component) overlaps with the DC voltage, use it below the rated voltage. Although there are provisions for surge voltages exceeding the rated voltage, these are under limited conditions and do not guarantee long-term use.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Ripple Current<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:\u00a0 Do not use excessive current (current exceeding the rated ripple current). Using too much current can sometimes cause internal overheating, reduced life, and pressure relief valve operation. Even when using within the allowable range of ripple current values, there is a risk of applying reverse voltage due to low DC bias. Use within the range that avoids reverse voltage.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Charging and Discharging<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: General capacitors should not be used in circuits with rapid charging and discharging. For capacitors that need to be used in circuits with repeated rapid charging and discharging, please contact us.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>On-Off Circuits<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Do not use this product in on-off circuits that are turned on and off more than 10,000 times a day. If you need to use it in such circuits, please inform us of the circuit conditions.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h2><b>4. Series and Parallel Connections:<\/b><\/h2>\n<h5><b>Parallel Connection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: When capacitors are connected in parallel, it can sometimes disrupt the current balance between capacitors, leading to excessive current flowing through some capacitors. Ensure proper wiring to avoid excessive current.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Series Connection<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: When capacitors are connected in series, it can sometimes disrupt voltage balance, leading to overvoltage being applied. To avoid disrupting voltage balance, consider the leakage current factor and parallel a voltage-dividing resistor across each capacitor.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Capacitor Insulation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Capacitors should be electrically isolated between the following states:<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The outer casing and the negative and positive terminals, as well as the circuit.<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The self-standing type without connecting terminals (for strength reinforcement) and the positive and negative terminals, as well as the circuit.<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">External Housing and Label: The external housing and label of the capacitor are for identification purposes only and do not guarantee electrical insulation.<\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>5. <\/b><strong>Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor <\/strong><b>Design of Installation Position:<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aluminum electrolytic capacitors use conductive electrolyte and combustible electrolytic paper as the main solvent. If the electrolyte leaks onto the printed circuit board, it can corrode the circuit, causing a short circuit and potentially smoke or fire. Please confirm the following for design:<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><b>Double-sided Circuit Boards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: When using capacitors on double-sided circuit boards, do not route wires directly under the capacitor installation area. Additionally, when soldering through-hole components on a through-hole circuit board with the capacitor seal in close contact with the board surface, short circuits between the positive and negative terminals may occur due to the absorption of solder.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Circuit Board Through-Hole Position<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Solder can be blown through the holes in the printed circuit board and subsequent installation components, causing damage to the capacitor&#8217;s outer casing. Pay attention to the positioning of the holes in the design.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Circuit Board Hole Spacing<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: When designing a printed circuit board, create holes with the same spacing as the capacitor leads (terminals). If the spacing is greater than or less than the interval of the capacitor leads, inserting the capacitor may cause stress on the leads, leading to increased leakage current, short circuits, broken wires, and electrolyte leakage.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Surface-Mounted Type:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The solder pads for surface-mounted types are recorded in the product specification. Please refer to the recommended circuit board pad size for circuit design.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Capacitors with Pressure Relief Valves<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: To avoid affecting the operation of the pressure relief valve, reserve space above the valve. To avoid affecting the operation of the pressure relief valve on the top of the capacitor housing (as indicated in the dimensions of each series), set the following intervals:<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; Product Diameter: 6.3~16mm, Interval: More than 2mm<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; Product Diameter: 18mm, Interval: More than 3mm<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Breathing Hole for Pressure Relief Valve Operation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> If there is a capacitor with a pressure relief valve on one side of the printed circuit, open a breathing hole for the pressure relief valve operation that matches the position of the valve.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Avoid Wiring Above the Pressure Relief Valve:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Do not place wiring, especially high voltage or large current circuit wiring, above the pressure relief valve. When the pressure relief valve operates, it can eject flammable high-temperature gas exceeding 100\u00b0C, which may condense on the circuit, causing the wiring insulation to melt and ignite, leading to secondary disasters.<\/span><\/h5>\n<h5><b>Avoid Wiring Below the Sealing Part<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: If the electrolyte leaks, it may cause the circuit to short-circuit, leading to tracking (carbonized conductive circuit) or migration (transfer).<\/span><\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When designing circuits, it is essential to confirm the use and installation environments and then design within the rated performance range according to the capacitor catalog or product specification. ROQANG, a supplier of LCSC shared us precautions when designing circuits using surface mount aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Here are the detailed points to consider: 1. Aluminum [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"iawp_total_views":7,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[94,127],"class_list":["post-1040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-electronic-components","tag-capacitor","tag-roqang"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Precautions for Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Circuit Design<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ROQANG, a supplier of LCSC shared us precautions when designing circuits using surface mount aluminum electrolytic capacitors.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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